当前世界环境

石料破碎行业在印度等快速发展国家的经济和城市发展中起着至关重要的作用。印度的石矿和破碎机位于主要城市周围，在全国范围内大约雇佣了500万人。然而，这一创造就业的行业碰巧也是最容易产生粉尘的活动之一，也是呼吸系统疾病，矽肺的前兆。这项研究的目的是评估该行业中工人个人接触二氧化硅粉尘的情况。在印度泰伦加纳邦纳尔冈达郊区的选定单位，连续三天分别在石头破碎和石头开采(采石场)地区进行了个人粉尘采样(n=11)和(n=6)。然后估计呼吸性粉尘暴露量和游离二氧化硅含量。观察到，来自破碎单元的三(3)个粉碎机助手样品的暴露量超过了Indian Factories Act1948的允许极限值(PLV)。两名来自石矿矿区的重型挖土机械(HEMM)操作员被观察到超过了1952年《印度矿业法》及其后续法规规定的最大允许暴露限值(PMEL)。来自矿区的HEMM操作人员和来自破碎机厂的破碎机助手的剩余样品被观察到在印度法定机构规定的各自指导方针的规定范围内。考虑了两项不同的法案，因为石材开采受印度采矿法的监管，并受印度政府矿山和安全理事会(DGMS)的全面控制。 On the other hand Crusher plant comes under the ambit of Model Factory Rule 120 under section 87 of Indian Factories Act 1948 under the overall control of Directorate General Factory Service and Labour Institute (DGFASLI) Government of India. Post the study it could be concluded that, stone crushers are dustier as compared to stone mining area. Workers in stone mining and crushing units of study area are indeed exposed to high levels of respirable and silica laden dust. It was observed that safety and precautionary measures towards dust and silica exposure are not implemented necessitating to be taken by unit operators.