Introduction  Warud is a Taluka place located on the border of Maharashtra and M.P. States. It is situated at the base of satpuda Ranges and covered by dense woods with many medicinal plants and water bodies. It is famous for oranges and commonly known as "California of Vidarbha". The major crops of the district is 'Oranges'. The famous historical and holy place salbardi is only 30Km, away from Warud. The main water supply is from Uppar Wardha Dam an...

Introduction Bhopal the capital of Madhya Pradesh territory the largest state of India. Bhopal is situated on 23°16'N Latitude and 77°25' Longitude and is located on Hard pink sand stone of Vindhya region Fluoride concentration in India, creates health problems and fluorosis. The disease previously called as "Mottled teeth" reported in Madras City (1933). Most of the population of 18 states out of 35 states in India are well affected with dent...

Introduction  The recent studies have indicated that the water bodies becoming increasingly Contaminated due to the domestic and industrial wastes. The effluent discharge from sugar Mill consists of a number of chemical pollutants that can bring about changes in temperature, Humidity and oxygen supplies amounting to a partial or complete alteration in the physical, chemical and physiological sphere of the biota. Such changes disrupt the ecological cycle of Living organisms. Further, ...

Introduction The history of human civilization reveals that water supply and civilization are almost synonymous. several cities and civilizations have disappeared due to water shortage originating from climatic and other changes. The absence of water has resulted in the absence of life on the moon. Water, The nectar of life is one of the most important natural resource for all living organisms, whether unicellular or multicellular ,since it is required for their various metabolic activities. ...

Introduction Contamination of aquatic ecosystems by heavy metals has been observed in sediment, water and aquatic flora and fauna (Forstner and Whittmann, 1983).  Different aquatic organisms often respond to external contamination in different ways, where the quantity and form of the element in water, sediment or food will determine the degree of accumulation (Langston & Spence, 1995). Heavy metals entering the aquatic ecosystem originate from different sources such as decay ...

Introduction Groundwater resources are dynamic in nature. These are affected by factors such as, the expansion of irrigation activities, industrialization and urbanization. Hence, monitoring and conserving this important resource is essential. The quality of water is defined in terms of its physical, chemical and biological parameters. Ascertaining the quality of groundwater is crucial before its use. Water may be used for various purposes such as drinking, agricultural, recreational and indu...

Introduction Cancer represents the largest cause of the mortality, which claims over 6 million lives each year, in present world (Abdullaev 2012). Insensitivity of cancer types to most of the oncological therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy (Ghaneh et al. 2007, Sarkar et al., 2007) has forced to strengthen new therapeutic strategies to combat this deadly form of disease.  A promising strategy to cure cancer is chemoprevention through natural agents. Natural ...

Introduction The increasing anthropogenic activities in and around the aquatic ecosystems and their catchments areas in recent years, have contributed to large scale mineral enrichment and incidence of many pathogenic micro-organisms in different water bodies. Besides, many major water bodies are being degraded due to continuous heavy discharge of untreated waste and surface run-off, causing deleterious effects in flora and fauna and other aquatic organisms (Sah et al., 2000). The distributio...

Introduction  Among different ecosystems, wetlands constitute one of the most important ecosystems for man offering numerous regulating services. Water quality assessment of small water bodies of the wetlands are of immense importance in the management of fisheries, water supply, and irrigation. Pollution status of water bodies are usually expressed as biological and physico-chemical parameters.1 Several authors have extensively documented the responses of macro-invertebrate...

Introduction The rule of water quality on human health is well known and recently attracted a great deal of interest. Many water quality problems have been identified and addressed in the past from several parts of the world.1 According to Nature (2010) about 80% of the world's population (4.8 billion in 2000) lives in areas with threats to water security.2 Most cases of waterborne diseases and related deaths occur in developing nations are directly due to unsafe wat...

Introduction Increasing demand for noble metals, particularly platinum group metals (PGM), such as palladium(II), platinum(IV), ruthenium(III), rhodium(III) has been recently observed because of their wide range of industrial applications, e.g. as catalysts in organic processes, value added components in metal alloys and vehicle catalytic converter systems, in chemical, pharmaceutical, petroleum and electronic industries and also in jewellery making. These applications of PGMs have increas...

Introduction Organic halogen alkane compounds or halocarbon compounds are chemicals in which one or morecarbonatoms are linked by covalent bonds with one or more halogenatoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine - group 17) resulting in the formation of organofluorine compounds, organochlorine compounds, organobromine compounds, and organoiodine compounds. Chlorine halocarbons are the most common and are called organochlorides. Many synthetic organic compounds such as plasticpolymers, and a...

Introduction Over the last few decades, there has been growing interest in determining heavy metal levels in the marine environment and attention was drawn to the measurement of contamination levels in public food supplied, particularly fish.1-3 Although heavy metal is a loosely defined term,4 it is widely recognized and usually applied to the wide spread contaminants of terrestrial and fresh water ecosystems. Some examples of heavy metal include lead, zinc, cadmium, copper ...

Introduction In recent years, the demands for energy have grown very quickly due to the rapid development of certain growing economies, especially in Asia and the Middle East. Biofuels such as alcohols and biodiesel have been proposed as alternatives for diesel engines.1,2,3 Especially, the environmental issues concerned with the exhaust gases emission by the usage of fossil fuels also encourage the usage of biodiesel, which has proved to be ecofriendly far more than fossil fuels. In...

Introduction Cadmium is a trace heavy metal of great importance in environmental protection since it is a highly toxic element.1 Determination of cadmium in environment samples is so important as this element exist in environment samples as a contaminant originating from industrial or urban waste pollution.  As a result of high toxicity even at low concentrations, and various matrix interferences in real samples, developing an accurate, precise and selective method for cadmium determ...

Introduction The air around us contains aromatic compounds originated from citizens' daily activity in residential, trade and industrial areas which create the modern societies. Daily exposure to odor pollution is a part of modern life.1 Odor is generally defined as the feeling caused by chemical compounds which are called odorants while being perceived by stimulating the sensory receptors of smell.2 Odor is a combination of one or more volatile chemical com...